Comparing The Film Gattaca And The Novel Brave New World...

Both the film Gattaca (directed by Andrew Niccole) and the novel Brave New World (written by Aldous Huxley) are of the dystopian genre and explore the notions of mass control and freedom; or lack of freedom. Both societies are controlled by a totalitarian dictatorship that push their suppressive ideologies- genoism in Gattaca, and the complete eradication of viviparous births and the implementation of a caste system in Brave New World. Characters in both dystopian worlds challenge the rules and expectations of their societies. In Brave New World, Bernard Marx and John Savage rebel against the World State, albeit to different extents. In Gattaca, Vincent Freeman and Jerome ‘Eugene’ Morrow oppose their society ruled by genoism. Bernard Marx’s dislike for the oppressive World State is solely superficial. His outrage stems from his own personal sense of injustice- although he is an Alpha, he is an outsider. Emotionally, Bernard is an enigma to others. Physically, Bernard is thin and small; a complete juxtaposition to the other Alphas. These physical and emotional defects are the root of his feelings of separation to society, and his value of individualism and non-conformity. This point is exemplified on page 56, which explains ‘The mockery made him feel an outsider; and feeling an outsider he behaved like one, which increased the prejudice against him and intensified the contempt and hostility aroused by his physical defects. Which in turn increased his sense of being alien and

Poems-in the Shadow of Signal Hill - 1249 Words

In the Shadow of Signal Hill Signal Hill is a strikingly shaped hill or small peak overlooking the harbour of Cape Town. It has been used as a lookout post since the early days of the Cape colony. From it, the viewer can see Robben Island, the bare scar where the suburb of District Si stood before its occupants were evicted and its buildings demolished and Langa, a black township on the outskirts of suburban Cape Town. The overall significance of the title of the poem is that â€Å"Signal Hill† represents the higher, white authority or white government of the Apartheid era. The fact that it is a hill implies how the white government saw themselves as the superior party, the party that was raised above the nation they control. The part†¦show more content†¦But they will keep on fighting for freedom in the future until the government treats everyone equally. About the poet: Patel is a committed political poet and worked on various poems regarding the aspect of politics. About the poem: â€Å"In the Shadow of Signal Hill† is an example of a protest poem. The poem has no punctuation marks or capital letters. This adds to the protest of the speaker. By ignoring common English grammar rules he strengthens the idea of protesting. The layout of the poem represents the waves of the ocean and the ebb and flow. The different lengths in sentences mimic the sea crashing onto the shore (represented by the longer sentences) and the retreating of the sea (represented by the short sentences. No punctuation marks means no stopping or pausing when one reads the poem. This also represents the image of the sea; the sea never stops moving, its waves will continuously crash on the shore, move back and repeat the process. Therefore by removing punctuation the poet effectively creates movement in the poem. Another reason for the lack of punctuation is to stress that there is no stopping slavery and discrimination. It is a never ending problem which will always continue to show its head somewhere else in the world. At comment 12, the highlighted words: Are theyShow MoreRelatedSophia Benigno. Dr. Kate Lechler, Brian Cook. English 2251879 Words   |  8 PagesSophia Benigno Dr. Kate Lechler, Brian Cook English 225 Section 20 May 8, 2017 Appreciation of Time Fern Hill by Dylan Thomas is a narrative poem that tells the story from the author’s childhood to becoming an adult. During childhood, he is innocent and naà ¯ve to the world that lay ahead of him. The Modern Period was a time of change and innovation with respect to rising technologies and new ideas, but it was also a period of memories and reflection on the past. This era brought new literary techniquesRead MoreAnalysis Of The Poem The Song Of Solomon Essay2260 Words   |  10 PagesThe Song of Solomon is a series of love poems between two young lovers. It is a part of the third section of the Hebrew Bible. 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Balancing Technical And Human Management Skills In Projects

Question: Discuss about the Report of Balancing Technical And Human Management Skills In Projects. Answer: Introduction The field of project management continuous to grow putting pressures on project managers who cannot sustain demands just by having technical skills but today they are also required to have human management skills like communication and leadership skills. Project managers are required to not just assure creation of products or prototypes but also manage communication between different departments including functional and support departments. Thus, a project manager has to assume a dual leadership role managing technical requirements of projects and human skills required to managing people(Gillard, 2009). Earlier, project managers were chosen on the basis of technical expertise. For instance, if a Project Manager was chosen for management of IT projects then he would be selected on the basis of his knowledge and experience of system analysis and design. However, the requirement of companies have changed and most hiring managers who sought technical expertise in project managers initially have started to get inclined towards the interpersonal skills of managers(Gillard, 2009). Skills of Project Manager As per theorist Dr. Russell Archibald (2009), a project manager in any organization has two key objectives to fulfil and these include assuring compliance of activities with the strategic objectives of the organization and; Planning, execution and control of project in such a manner that all the objectives of the same are achieved within the allotted time and budget. Archibald has recognized lack of technical skills like an understanding of cost analysis, scheduling, risk analysis and so on can be a major cause of failure of any project. However, to attain the objectives of a company as a project manager, the manager also needs to have other social skills like strategy development and risk management skills. A project manager not just develops the plan for a project but also executes and manages activities that are decided. Jennifer Whitt (PMP 2012) identifies two skills of a project manager and these include technical and behavioural skills. Behavioural skills include leadership capabilities like change management, risk management planning, organization, communication and so on. Technical skills include tools, techniques and methodologies that are necessary for a project manager to know in order to be able to achieve objectives of the project. Techniques like decision maps, Gantt charts, pareto chart and control charts are some of the examples of technical knowledge a project manager needs to have. Technical expertise include understanding of project management procedures such as Work break Down Structure, scheduling ,variance, budgeting, dashboard development and so on. Interpersonal or human skills include communication, leadership, negotiation, decision making and problem solving skills. These skills are more intangible in nature and involves use of certain types of tools. Technical skills require a highly specialize knowledge on a subject of which the project manager needs to be an expert. He or she must understand methodologies that are used for completing technical tasks. Social skills like honestly, team spirit and reliability actually take a back seat when the need for technical knowledge is high(Dr. Archibald, 2009). When comparing projects that fail, if a comparison is made between the soft skills and hard skills of project managers while exploring causes of failure, the importance of skills for achieving success on a project can be understood (Marando, 2012). Figure 1: Reasons for project failure (Marando, 2012) Human skills facilitate effective interactions between members of a project. Human skills can be categorized into social or interpersonal skills, self-control and monitoring skills and Self-Esteem(Zubedi, 2014). Inter-personal skills: Interpersonal skills can be an outcome of an overlap between thoughts, feelings and actions. These skills are used by a project manager to have an efficient communication with others and within team members. These skills can help a manager understand ones values and behave in line with them(Hartman, 2008). Self-Control and Monitoring: When a project manager monitors oneself, it helps one in adapting situations. For this, a project manager uses social cues received from others such that the perceptions of these people could be understood. Low-Self-Monitors (LSM) and High-Self Monitors (HSM) are the methods used by Project managers for monitoring and evaluating social cues(Whitt, 2012). Self-Esteem: Self-Esteem is a result of combination of self-confidence and self-respect. It reflects how a person values oneself and it affects the way a person deals with problems and challenges. It can thus be said that interpersonal skills are those shaping the behaviour of a project manager and the if this behaviour is effective for a project can be determined by using self-control and monitoring methods that can help one evaluate the effectiveness of the social skills of a project manager. Interpersonal Skills versus technical skills Nurick (1993) says that organizations often ignore interpersonal communication skills and feel that they should only work on technical aspects of a project while another things would be automatically taken care of. However, in reality, organizations face difficulties like power struggle, differences in point of views and conflicts that require a project manager to use interpersonal skills to manage. For instance, when making a selection of a person for a job, it is not only the technical knowledge that would play a role, but a project manager may also want to know how good they are when confirming their interpersonal skills. On projects, the team members are not only are trained on technical skills but they are also involved in other activities like team building and relationship building(Nurick, et al., 1993). Gemmil and Welimon ( 1994) had studied 100 technical project leaders from technology based organizations in New York. He had found in the study that building a high performing team was required for a project to be successful but at the same time, team building was one of the most complex and difficult task. A project manager takes care of technical requirements of a project but at the same time, he or she may also face challenges of interpersonal communication and then the project manager would require to have motivating or educating training sessions for employs on interpersonal skills For senior level managers, team can be modelled and the result may be openly discussed with all(Gemmill Wilemon, 1994). In 2001, El-Sabaa has conducted a study on 126 project managers who were from three industrial sectors including information system, electricity and agriculture. The study took views of 96 functional managers from Egypt from private and public sects. ate study had explored how they differed from functional managers in their skills, experiences and attributes. He had found that human skills was the most important skills that are required from project managers with 85.3% percentile received for the skill in the study. The second most important skills are the ability to organize and conceptualize things., Technical skills were found to be the third important skills in project managers(El-Sabaa, 2001). Cheng, Dainty and Moore (2005) studied the construction sector of UK where the performances and skills of efficient project managers and average manners were explored. The aim of this research was to establish a framework for identifying criteria on the basis of relationship that exit between the project success and the competencies of project managers. These criteria for comparing performances of managers could be judged using 9 factors that included leadership, team building, decision making, approachability, honesty or integrity, communication, self-motivation, learning and understanding. and external relationships. The study cleanly summarized that factors that make project managers highly skills are actually human factors of considering(Cheng, et al., 2005). Stevenson and Starkweathers (2010) had investigated IT executives for understanding project management practices and ion the stuffy it was found the these executives gave more importance to interpersonal skills over the technical expertise. Six major skills were identified as core competences of project managers in the study and these included leadership, communication skills, viral and written skills, attitudes to deal with change and ambiguities. Companies hired people into project management role based on their interpersonal skills while only a certain level of technical expertise was considered in the selection process. In the study, the Project manager had interpersonal skills to manage teams and processes, the companies were willing to train them on the technical front to create a balance between technical and human skills of project managers(Stevenson Starkweather, 2010). Azims et al. (2010) paper explored project complexities and the understanding of the same by the project managers. The study was conducted on the aerospace sector. Project managers who worked on different project settings that had different types and levels of project complexities were involved in the study as participants. The project managers told that they required hard skills of project management to organize, plan, track and manage changes. These project managers also highlighted the importance of having interpersonal skills that they said could help in managing complexities in different ways. A new complexity triangle was proposed in this research including people , product and process as key dimensions(Azim, et al., 2010). When comparing views of different researchers, it can be said that when the theoretical considerations of project managers were taken, most essential skills recognized by researchers included technical skills and change management capabilities. However, the actual studies on project managers added other areas of expertise as requirements for efficient project management such as team skills, organization skills, conceptualization capabilities and interpersonal skills. Cheng came up with a model of capability for project manager by combining 9 factors that included leadership, team building, decision making, approachability, honesty or integrity, communication, self-motivation, learning and understanding. In any of the case, Interpersonal skills were considered to be major value add for the core of project managers capabilities in practice. Interpersonal Skills Interpersonal skills are becoming important and prominent in the world of project management and major project management institutes like OMI now recognize interpersonal skills like leadership, communication, team building motivational capabilities, cultural awareness, political awareness and negotiation skills. In 2008, PMBOK guides new edition had added interpersonal skills elements in the guide as significant. A project manager needs to create a balance between these interpersonal skills and technical skills(Kennedy-Moore, 2011). PMBOK guide states the need of effectiveness communicated and elegant skills. It suggests that lack of communication skills is the single biggest cause of failure on a project. While earlier project management performances were measures against technical dimensions including cost, quality and time, new approaches take the interpersonal skills as important. Technical skills like making of charts or graphs would not render results in the project manager knows who to communicate the information well to the top management and even to his or her employees or joiners. Today. there are a diverse set of people that work in an organization with different cultures, generation, age, regions, religions with different strengths and weaknesses. To have good interpersonal skills, good communication skills is a prerequisite(Weiner, 2000). The project management principles defined in PMBOK guide support the view of importance of interpersonal skills of a project manager which was found necessary for success by organizations. Thus, PMBOK guidance may be used to develop a strategy for assessment and development of interpersonal skills of a project manager such as communication skills and social skills. Project Manager as Communicator Project managers are required to spend most of their time in meetings, problem solving and negotiation which is why a project success which is dependent on how a project manager performs require a project manager to have god communication skills. A project managers may use four types of communication methods including formal communication such as written project charter and status reports, informal written communication such as memos and project notes, formal oral presentations, and informal oral communication like done in social meetings(Taylor, 2006). Personal Skills Project managers require personal skills to be able to manage teams and , eliminate project obstacles, manage team conflicts, resolve issues within and even outside the team for smooth functioning of the project. Some project managers can use personal skills on their job can be : A project manager may use manage by Example (MBE) technique for operating when which the project manager would display his own skills and expertise and the same is observed by his juniors. such a project manager is required to be knowledgeable, honest and straightforward such that a conductive and motivating environment is created for juniors(Lengnick -Hall, 2011). A project manager is require to attain positive attitudes even at times of conflicts and major difficulties failing which , the confidence of the project manager over her capabilities and possibilities would reduce leading to issues in project(Grantham, 2000). Project manager must be able to deal with problems and must handle the same directly, clearly and openly. If the problems are faced in an organization and the project manager is unable to solve the same at his or level then the same needs to be escalated to a senior manager which required a project manager to have good communication skills such that he or she can not only communicate with the internal team working on a project but can also communicate the progress, problems and other aspects for that project efficiently with the senior managers(Pearson, 2000). Figure 2: Personal Skills of a Project Manager (Pearson, 2000) Developing Interpersonal Skills A project manager should understand oneself and practice interpersonal skills that to facilitate and lead participations in projects. Effective managers can be seen as those people who are able to manage themselves effectively with discipline coming from inside(Kutlu AslanoÄÅ ¸lu, 2009). In practice there are many training programs that target on educating managers on the technical expertise but there are only a few opportunities available for developing interpersonal skills in people. This is due to the fact that training individuals on personal things is not so easy as it is for training them technically. Interpersonal skills is something which allows managers to work with people. The interpersonal skills cannot be learnt through theories but can only be learnt through practice(Barton Barton, 2011). Further, in the interpersonal space, there are some complex skill requirements. Egan (1976, p. 202) talks of the importance of the skill of immediacy which is a communication skill that is achieved through the combination of empathy, confrontation and self-disclosure(Erden Erden, 2009). A training material has been used by various organizations to train their employees on interpersonal skills using teams and group dynamics. The course that was designed to develop skills of managers in the personal space identified six factors of learning including: self-disclosure that allowed managers to clearly express their emotions without becoming aggressive, concreteness of expressions allowing them to communicate precisely and clearly, active listening through engagement via eyes, body language and nods to be able to absorb whatever is being said(Norman, 2010), empathy allowing managers to understand the perspectives of others before responding to any situation, genuine presence by showing self-consistency and respect for others and constructive confrontation which helps them criticize things by being descriptive making way for behavioural change and not overreaction(til, 2012). Conclusions It was found that technical expertise had been considered as one of the most important criteria for selection of project managers earlier but with increasing need for interpersonal skills for managing projects, the preferences of employers are changing and they have started to hire project managers based on their interpersonal skills such that they are given more weight age than technical skills. Companies are willing to train their project managers on technical skills if they carry good interpersonal Skills. The study highlighted that technical skills do not give results unless the personal is able to manage things efficiently with people which requires interpersonal skills. When considering project failure, the major reasons behind the failure of any project was lack of interpersonal skills in most cases. The interpersonal skills that were identified as most important in this paper included communication skills, leadership capabilities, team building, change management, and active listening. References Azim, S. et al., 2010. The importance of soft skills in complex projects. International Journal of Managing Projects in Business, 3(3), p. 387401. Barton, H. Barton, L. C., 2011. Trust and psychological empowerment in the Russian work context. Resource Management Review, pp. 201-208. Cheng, M., Dainty, A. R. J. Moore, D. R., 2005. What makes a good project manager?. Human Resource Management Journal, 15(1), pp. 25-37. Dr. Archibald, R., 2009. Objectives of Modern Project Management, s.l.: PM Hut. El-Sabaa, S., 2001. The skills and career path of an effective project manager. International Journal of Project Management, 19(1), pp. 1-7. Erden, A. Erden, H., 2009. Predicting of organizational trust level of school managers and teachers at elementary schools. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, pp. 2180-2190. Flannes, S. Butler, L., 2001. Effective People Skills for the Project Manager: A Requirement for Project Success and Career Advancement, Oakland, CA USA: Flannes Associates. Gemmill, G. Wilemon, D., 1994. The hidden side of leadership in technical team Management, s.l.: Oxford University Press. Gillard, S., 2009. Soft Skills and Technical Expertise of Effectie Project Managers. Issues in Information Science and Technology, Volume 9, pp. 723-729. Grantham, C., 2000. The Future of Work: The Promise of the New Digital Work Society, s.l.: McGraw Hill. Hartman, F., 2008. Preparing the mind for dynamic management. International Journal of Project Management, pp. 258-267. Kennedy-Moore, E., 2011. What are social Skills, s.l.: Psychology Today. Kutlu, O. AslanoÄÅ ¸lu, A. E., 2009. Factors affecting the listening skill, Procedia -Social and Behavioral Sciences. IJERT, pp. 2013-2022. Lengnick -Hall, C. A., 2011. Developing a capacity for organizational resilience through Strategic human resource management. Human Resource Management Review, pp. 243-255. Marando, A., 2012. Balancing Project Management Hard Skills and Soft Skills, s.l.: Brandeis University. Namvaran, K., Rabavi, R. Avarsin, S. M., 2013. The Relationship between Human Skills and Effectiveness of Managers in secondary schools of Hashtrood, Iran. International Journal of Educational Research and Technology, pp. 104-107. Norman, S. M., 2010. The impact of positivity and transparency on trust in leaders and their perceived effectiveness. The Leadership Quarterly, pp. 350-364. Nurick, A. J., Seeger, J. A., Shuman, J. C. Kamm, J. B., 1993. Entrepreneurial teams in new venture creation: A research agenda. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 14(4), pp. 7-17. Pearson, 2000. Basic Skills for Project Managers, s.l.: Pearson Education. Peters, T., 2004. Nix the Spreadsheet, s.l.: PM Network, Project Management Institute. Stevenson, D. H. Starkweather, J. A., 2010. PM critical competency index: IT execs prefer soft skills. International Journal of Project Management, 28(7), p. 663671. Taylor, J., 2006. Survival Guide for Project Managers, s.l.: Amacom. til, R., 2012. THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERPERSONAL SKILLS TRAINING FOR FUTURE PROJECT MANAGERS, s.l.: ReykJavik University. Weiner, 2000. Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Theories of Motivation from an Attributional Perspective. Educational Psychology Review, pp. 1-14. Whitt, J., 2012. Skills You Need As a Project Manager, s.l.: PM Hut. Zubedi, A., 2014. Project Management- Is it managing Technical Skills or Human Skills?. IRD India, 3(4), pp. 38-41.

What Is a Call to Action and How to Add Call to Action to WordPress

Many websites are designed with a specific goal in mind. You may want people to buy a product, sign up for an email list, or take part in your event. In these scenarios, you have to encourage visitors to take the plunge, which means you need to add call to action to WordPress.A call to action (CTA) is any element on your site that asks people to do something specific. It could simply be some prominent text, or it might be a dedicated button or sign-up form. Whatever the case, your CTA has to be well designed and carefully placed if its going to be effective at prompting the desired response.In this post, well explain what CTAs are and why theyre so important. Then, well help you add call to action to WordPress via three simple techniques. Lets get started! Most websites feature some sort of call to action (CTA), letting visitors know exactly what action theyre meant to undertake next. Usually, it includes a link that will either complete the action or start the process. Even WordPres s.org has a simple CTA button in its header:CTAs are a vital part of your website, and shouldnt be overlooked. Theyre your main way of communicating what you want your audience to actually do, so they need to be effective. Adding properly-optimized CTAs to your blog or website can increase conversions, and even  boost revenue significantly. For these reasons, its worth spending a little time finding the perfect way to design and incorporate them.How to add call to action to WordPress (in three easy ways)Creating effective CTAs isnt hard. Youll just need to follow some basic advice, such as making your CTAs prominent and adding them to multiple locations. They should also, of course, clearly and concisely state what action you want visitors to take.What might be more tricky is figuring out exactly how to add call to action to WordPress. To help you out, here are three simple methods you can use if youre new to the technique.1. Create a CTA buttonThis is probably the most common typ e of CTA, and for good reason. Adding a CTA button to your site is both simple and effective. Naturally, a button shows visitors where to click and why (a button might read Click Here to Request a Free Quote, for example). A well-designed button will easily stand out from the rest of your web page.There are plenty of plugins to add buttons to your WordPress site, but were partial to MaxButtons: WordPress Button Plugin MaxButtons Author(s): Max FoundryCurrent Version: 7.13.1Last Updated: October 15, 2019maxbuttons.7.13.1.zip 98%Ratings 2,613,350Downloads WP 4.8+Requires This free, easy-to-use tool will help you add a CTA to your site in no time. After installing it, youll find a new MaxButtons tab in your dashboard. Clicking Add New lets you customize your button in a wide variety of ways:You can add text and a link, personalize the font, create spacing, adjust colors, and so on. Keep the on-button text as brief as possible, and make sure its linked to your product page, cont act form, or wherever else users need to be directed to.Once youve built your button, youll be given a shortcode similar to  [maxbutton id="1"]. You can use this code to add the button virtually anywhere on your site.2. Use a dedicated pop-upA CTA pop-up is similar to a button, in that it stands out from the rest of your site and catches the eye. If used correctly, this method can be even more effective at drawing attention. Plus, you can design your pop-up to appear exactly when and where you need it, whether thats when a person first loads the page or is about to leave.The Popup Maker plugin presents a popular solution, since its highly customizable and enables you to set specific triggers for your pop-ups: Popup Maker Popup Forms, Opt-ins More Author(s): Here, you can enter a title and the text that will appear in your pop-up. After this, scroll down and choose an option from the various triggers and display settings. You can also use the Conditions section to determine wh ere the pop-up will appear. Just make sure it isnt too intrusive and is easy to close, to keep from annoying the very people you want to convert.When youre done, publish the pop-up and it will take effect immediately. You can repeat the process for any number of pop-ups you would like to create.3. Add a sign-up form to your siteThe above two methods work great if you want to get people to buy a product or click through to a specific page. However, what if you want them to sign up for an email list, membership, or something else? In this scenario, a dedicated form is your best bet.WPForms plugin can help you out here: Contact Form by WPForms Drag Drop Form Builder for WordPress Author(s): WPFormsCurrent Version: 1.5.5.1Last Updated: September 17, 2019wpforms-lite.1.5.5.1.zip 98%Ratings 31,601,570Downloads WP 4.8+Requires After installing and activating it, there will be a new WPForms tab in your dashboard:You can customize what fields will appear and how theyll be labeled, tweak what the form will look like, and more. Dont forget to save your changes, and preview your form on the front end.When youre done, you can use a widget or shortcode to add the sign-up form to your site. You may want to place the form in multiple locations, and even use a button or pop-up to direct visitors to it. For more options, you can also check out the premium version of WPForms.ConclusionIf you want to use your website to make money, create a community, or something similar, youll need to encourage visitors to take action. In most cases, you cant simply sit around and wait for them to take the necessary steps on their own. Instead, youll want to provide them with a targeted nudge in the right direction.To do that, youll need to add call to action to WordPress. Fortunately, there are a few simple ways to get the job done. You can:Create a CTA button.Use a dedicated pop-up.Add a sign-up form to your site.Do you have any questions about how to add call to action to WordPress ? Let us know in the comments section below! What is a call to action and how to add it to #WordPress